Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories __21__ on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior __22__ they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through __23__ with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in __24__ to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, __25__ as a rejection of middle-class values. Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, __26__ the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes __27__ lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are __28__ to criticism. Changes in the social structure may indirectly __29__ juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that __30__ to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment __31__ make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in __32__ lead more youths into criminal behavior. Families have also __33__ changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; __34__, children are likely to have less supervision at home __35__ was common in the traditional family __36__. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other __37__ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased __38__ of drugs and alcohol, and the growing __39__ of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, __40__ a direct causal relationship has not yet been established
1.[A] acting [B] relying [C] centering [D] cementing
2.[A] before [B] unless [C] until [D] because
3.[A] interactions [B] assimilation [C] cooperation [D] consultation
4.[A] return [B] reply [C] reference [D] response
5.[A] or [B] but rather [C] but [D] or else
6.[A] considering [B] ignoring [C] highlighting [D] discarding
7.[A] on [B] in [C] for [D] with
8.[A] immune [B] resistant [C] sensitive [D] subject
9.[A] affect [B] reduce [C] chock [D] reflect
10.[A] point [B] lead [C] come [D] amount
11.[A] in general [B] on average [C] by contrast [D] at length
12.[A] case [B] short [C] turn [D] essence
13.[A] survived [B] noticed [C] undertaken [D] experienced
14.[A] contrarily [B] consequently [C] similarly [D] simultaneously
15.[A] than [B] that [C] which [D] as
16.[A] system [B] structure [C] concept [D] heritage
17.[A] assessable [B] identifiable [C] negligible [D] incredible
18.[A] expense [B] restriction [C] allocation [D] availability
19.[A] incidence [B] awareness [C] exposure [D] popularity
20.[A] provided [B] since [C] although [D] supposing
参考答案：1-5. [C]. [D]. [A]. [D]. [A] 6-10. [B]. [C]. [D]. [A]. [B]
11-15. [A]. [C]. [D]. [B]. [A] 16-20. [B]. [B]. [D]. [A]. [C]
