The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers produced in the world, made profits of more than £900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than £210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research; both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.
27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have ______.
[A] thrived mainly on university libraries.
[B] gone through an existential crisis.
[C] revived the publishing industry.
[D] financed researchers generously.
首先,细节题解题第一步根据题文同序原则模糊定位解题段落范围,虽然题干表明在2、3段解题,但历年试题题干出现类似情况,大部分在一段解题。运用题干关键词Elsevier定位至文段划线处,且只有这个位置,可以确定Elsevier是定位该细节题的定位关键词。所以对于该细节题,定位并没有难度,但是定位到解题句之后,同学们就会发现定位句即为整段,在细节题的解题思路中提到如果定位长难句可选择选项关键词代入原文排除。但对于基础较差的同学来说,能够通过选项带回原文验证不再定位句则排除的方法适用于段落有多句话。但该题整段只有一句话,运用选项带回原文排除还是涉及到了句子结构的划分。
首先,运用长难句分析步骤涉及到的步骤,可先运用句内标点以及从属连词进行断句,双逗号中间的which从句(which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers produced in the world),且从句缺成分,判定为定语从句,可以先不看。while位于句中,为并列连词,并列前后两个句子,可以此为一个断句标志。再往后看出现分号,为结构上的并列,可以此为断句标志。因为,从找句子主干的角度来看,该解题句可断为3个部分,分别为
1. The Dutch giant Elsevier made profits of more than £900m last year
2. while UK universities alone spent more than £210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research
3. both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them
而三个部分结构仍然很长,进一步找出三个结构主干。结构1中of more than £900m为后置定语,last year为时间状语,则剩余内容大意为该机构盈利;结构2中,in 2016时间状语,to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research为目的状语,则剩余结构大意为英国大学花费超过2.3亿英镑;结构3中,despite之后为让步状语,剩余结构大意为这两个数字都出现不可挡的增长。
接下来,将三个主干结构信息与选项进行比对,A项与结构2出现原词复现,进一步将选项剩余信息和原文进行比对,thrive on表示靠…繁荣发展对应文中花费超过2.1亿英镑,因此A为正确答案。进一步验证B, C, D,其中,B和C项信息均为出现在定语句,而D项researchers为定位句细节词干扰,但文中未出现financed,也可排除。
而回顾该细节题的解题,长难句分析中涉及到的断句标志对于划清句子结构非常重要,其次语法中各修饰的识别标志也必不可缺。所以该细节题在考察的过程中在定位上没有难度,而在解题的过程中定位到长难句则考察了词汇和语法这两个基础知识的考察。也进一步凸显了考研英语基础+技巧的考察本质。