以2019年text 4 paragraph6第1 句为例：
Until now, many sellers that have a physical presence in only a single state or a few states have been able to avoid charging sales taxes when they ship to address outside those states.
现在给大家介绍分析长难句的步骤：
第一：找到句子中的所有动词
第二：分清楚谓语动词和非谓语从句
第三：通过谓语动词的个数判断从句的个数，即区分出主语和从句(当然很多时候从句可以通过用于引导从句的引导词而看出来)。
经过这样简单的三步，那么无论多长的句子，大家也能抓住最重要的信息了。
这句话只有34个单词，不过却还有很复杂的语法结构在里面。应对这个句子，首先我们需要理解一个尝试性问题，即until now, 后面的句子Many sellers that have a physical presence in only a single state or a few states have been able to avoid charging sales taxes when they ship to address outside those states.是发生在now之前还是now之后。通过一个简单的句子进行理解一下，比如：John worked hard until he died. 同学们可以理解出来的是，John去世之前一直在干活。所以对于这个复杂的考研英语的长难句，我们理解出来Many sellers that have a physical presence in only a single state or a few states have been able to avoid charging sales taxes when they ship to address outside those states.这件事是发生now之前的。Many sellers that have a physical presence in only a single state or a few states have been able to avoid charging sales taxes when they ship to address outside those states. 从句包括：have, have been able to, ship to, avoid, charging, address. 其中，根据我们平时背诵短语， be able to do, 说明avoid是非谓语，avoid doing, 说明charging是非谓语，ship to do, address 是非谓语。所以，这句话中一共三个谓语，即有两个从句，一个主句，接下来通过引导词判断从句。Sellers, 即这个名词后面的that从句是定语从句。即我们通常理解出来的：名词+that引导的定语从句。除了定语从句，与此同时我们可以发现when引导的时间状语从句。所以句子主干部分为：Many sellers have been able to avoid charging sales taxes.
译文：
在此之前，许多仅在一个或数个州有实体存在的商家在向州外地址运送(商品)时都可以避免收取销售税。
这个世界上，有些人之所以成功是因为他们坚持着，有些人之所有不成功是因为他们不坚持，英语学习需要每天的点滴积累，大家一起加油!If the roots are deep enough, there is no reason to fear the wind.
