【选段】(Para. 1)Though often viewed as a problem for western states, the growing frequency of wildfires is a national concern because of its impact on federal tax dollars, says Professor Max Moritz, a specialist in fire ecology and management.
(Para. 2)In 2015, the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires—nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts 20 years ago. In effect, fewer federal funds today are going towards the agency’s other work—such as forest conservation, watershed and cultural resources management, and infrastructure upkeep—that affect the lives of all Americans.
(英二2017年text 4)
【题干】36. More frequent wildfires have become a national concern because in 2015 they ______.
[A] exhausted unprecedented management efforts
[B] consumed a record-high percentage of budget
[C] severely damaged the ecology of western states
[D] caused a huge rise of infrastructure expenditure
【答案】B
【解析】本题属于阅读理解的六大题型中的细节题，并且是该篇文章的第一道题目，可以将答案模糊定位到文章的前两段。题干所问的问题“更频繁的野火已经成为全国关注的问题是因为他们在2015年___”是让我们从文中找出原因。根据题干中的关键词：More frequent wildfires have become a national concern，可以锁定到para 1的the growing frequency of wildfires is a national concern(越来越频繁的野火是一个全国性的问题)，而且本句后面的描述恰好是题干所问的原因：because of its impact on federal tax dollars，读完原因后对比选项，发现没有任何选项提到 federal tax dollars (联邦税款)，此时应该怎么确定答案呢?别忘了，题干中还有一个in 2015没有回到文章定位，而且题干所问的原因明确指出就是在2015年发生的事情。此时答案句很明显，就在para 2的第一句：In 2015, the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires—nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts 20 years ago.通读全句，我们发现本句的重点是“花钱”，而且花了annual budget (年度预算)的一大半(spent more than half of)，根据核心词budget，可以锁定答案B“消费了预算占比的最高纪录”，其中“最高纪录”可以根据文中的for the first time(首次)推断出来。
【技巧总结】这道题目的关键词出现在两句话中，虽然是不同段落的两个句子，但是两句话依然是紧挨着的。所以，即使关键词在不同句子中出现，这些句子也是距离非常近的，甚至紧挨着的两个句子。
那么最后的答案应该从哪个句子里找呢?根据历年的经验，考研英语的阅读理解题的文章属于议论文的题材，这些议论文的布局总是遵循论点在前、论据在后的规律。论点的特征是抽象性和概括性，而论据的特征是具体性和解释性。因此越靠后面的句子，它们包含的信息越具体、清晰，从而有助于我们找到正确答案。所以，当我们发现题干中的关键词出现在文中的不同句子中时，我们可以优先去理解最后一处句子。
